Abstract: (26 Views)
With the change in lifestyle and the expansion of urbanization, caravanserais became inactive and abandoned as travelers' residences and lost their use. Due to the passage of time and the deterioration of materials and improper use of caravanserais, lack of care and environmental conditions caused these unused buildings to become abandoned and isolated and suffered numerous damages. These human, natural and technical damages caused the deterioration of the caravanserais' structure and, due to the lack of timely care, the caravanserais lost parts or part of their physical structure. The purpose of writing this article is to find the similarities and differences in the architectural characteristics of the Seljuk caravanserais in the Qom and Tehran regions. This article seeks to answer the question: How can we provide solutions for recovering lost parts or restoring damaged parts by conducting a comparative study of the typology of the Robat Karim Qaleh Sangi caravanserai with other similar caravanserai? The practical result of this research is the use of a comparative study of the architectural elements of caravanserais for their optimal recovery and restoration. In this study, four other caravanserais that share the same style as the Robat Karim Qaleh Sangi caravanserai were selected and studied in a comparative manner to reveal their differences and similarities. The research method is qualitative and the case study method (multiple extended cases) was used, and its strategy is historical. The method of data collection is based on library studies and examination of architectural documents of the caravanserais and field studies. This research is the first to comprehensively recover the physical elements of the architecture of the Robat Karim Qaleh Sangi caravanserai, and in this respect the present study is distinct. The results of the research show that spaces can be restored more optimally based on typology and comparative study. This evaluation will be based on the study of similarities and differences in the main architectural elements such as the entrance device, the porch, the courtyard, the room, the stable, the royal residence, and the guard towers. This research has shown that caravanserais that are in a common time and place and on a common social path, despite the differences in the elements and components of the caravanserais, have many architectural similarities that can be used in restoration. This study will lead to the conclusion that caravanserais that are in a cultural and social area and have common architectural features have the ability to recover lost spaces and restore more optimally.
Keywords: Restoration and completion of spaces, architectural elements, typology, caravanserais, Seljuk period
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