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Usefi A, Shokouhi Bidehandi M, Mohtajollah Yazdi A. Anatomy of a Failure: Analyzing the Gap between Urban Planners' Theories and the Prevailing Realities in Informal Settlements: A Case Study of Camp B, Bandar Imam Khomeini. JORS 2025; 3 (6)
URL: http://jors-sj.com/article-1-85-en.html
URL: http://jors-sj.com/article-1-85-en.html
1- University of Tehran
2- University of Science and Technology (IUST)
2- University of Science and Technology (IUST)
Abstract: (13 Views)
Informal settlements, as one of Iran's complex urban challenges, necessitate approaches that extend beyond traditional and physical interventions. This research, focusing on the informal settlement of Camp B (Shahid Sabaghan Town) in Bandar Imam Khomeini, dissects the systemic reasons behind the failure of urban regeneration projects in this area. The research methodology is based on grounded theory and in-depth content analysis of interviews with three key stakeholder groups (governmental officials, experts, and residents), complemented by data frequency analysis to assess the thematic weight of each category.
The findings reveal that the core of the crisis is not rooted in implementation issues but in deep-seated managerial problems. Based on the frequency analysis, the category of "Ineffective Governance and Disconnection from Context" was identified as the central dimension of failure, with 41 open codes. This category, encompassing deficiencies in initial problem diagnosis, a top-down approach, and the exclusion of public participation, laid the primary groundwork for the failure. Ranking second are the "Devastating Multidimensional Consequences" with 25 open codes, among which "Physical Degradation" (11 codes) was the most tangible outcome of this inefficiency. Notably, the category "The Necessity of a Paradigm Shift" (10 open codes) had a higher frequency than "Erosive Processes" (9 open codes), indicating a strong inclination among stakeholders towards fundamental changes.
This paper concludes that the project's failure is essentially a paradigmatic crisis linked to the governance model. Therefore, any effective future intervention must transcend merely technical solutions and concentrate on reforming the governance model towards one that is participatory, context-aware, and people-centric.
The findings reveal that the core of the crisis is not rooted in implementation issues but in deep-seated managerial problems. Based on the frequency analysis, the category of "Ineffective Governance and Disconnection from Context" was identified as the central dimension of failure, with 41 open codes. This category, encompassing deficiencies in initial problem diagnosis, a top-down approach, and the exclusion of public participation, laid the primary groundwork for the failure. Ranking second are the "Devastating Multidimensional Consequences" with 25 open codes, among which "Physical Degradation" (11 codes) was the most tangible outcome of this inefficiency. Notably, the category "The Necessity of a Paradigm Shift" (10 open codes) had a higher frequency than "Erosive Processes" (9 open codes), indicating a strong inclination among stakeholders towards fundamental changes.
This paper concludes that the project's failure is essentially a paradigmatic crisis linked to the governance model. Therefore, any effective future intervention must transcend merely technical solutions and concentrate on reforming the governance model towards one that is participatory, context-aware, and people-centric.
Keywords: Informal Settlement, Urban Regeneration, Urban Governance, Problem Analysis, Paradigm Shift, Bandar Imam Khomeini, Camp B (Shahid Sabaghan Town).
Editorial: Original Research Article |
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Received: 2025/08/11 | Accepted: 2025/09/16 | Published: 2025/10/1
Received: 2025/08/11 | Accepted: 2025/09/16 | Published: 2025/10/1
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